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Over 150 articles from the past two decades of research carried out in climate chambers, experimental rooms, laboratories and real occupancy buildings were reviewed. A literature review focusing on dynamic and non-uniform airflows applied for human thermal comfort in buildings was conducted with the aim of documenting recent findings on three main topics: airflow characterisation, thermal comfort evaluation and thermal comfort prediction. The indoor airflow field is susceptible to large variations with respect to time and space, which makes its characterisation and evaluation in real occupancy buildings a complex task.
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The transitioning from overall steady-state thermal conditions indoors to non-steady and non-uniform conditions encompasses the airflow field generated by means of air conditioning and ventilation systems, devices for increased air movement and even cross-ventilation in naturally ventilated buildings. The detailed measured airflow fields can serve as reference for ceiling fan design and operation. While for upward blowing, the air speed in lower part of the room is much lower but pretty uniform. When blowing downward, the flow will cause high diversion between jet core under the fan blades and surrounding region. The results show that the blowing direction of the fan determines the indoor airflow pattern. Based on comprehensive three-dimensional three-component vector measurement results, the average velocity, turbulence intensity and vorticity on the middle section were calculated and used to analyse airflow patterns induced by ceiling fan.
#Fan airflow direction series
A series of isothermal experiments were conducted under five rotation speed levels with downward and upward blowing directions in a room-size (4 m × 2.5 m × 3 m) chamber. In this study, the airflow pattern induced by a ceiling fan was measured with a new technology, quad-view colour sequence particle streak velocimetry. To date, it is still challenging to capture those complicated airflow fields in room scale. However, the airflow induced by ceiling fan has different flow patterns under different rotating speeds and blowing directions. Understanding its airflow characteristics can be helpful to utilize ceiling fan or integrate it with background air conditioning system. Ceiling fans have been widely used as effective cooling and air mixing method for building environment conditioning.